They consist of spongy bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone. Irregular bones (Ossa irregularia) cannot be grouped into the upper categories because of their shape. The flat bones are Os coxae (the hip bone), Scapula (shoulder blade), Sternum (breastbone), Costae (ribs), and some skull bones (Os frontale, Os occipitale, Os parietale…). Such pneumatic skull bones are also called Ossa pneumatici. The Diploe can be locally absorbed and become pneumatic in some skull bones, forming inner bone cavities filled with air (Sinus). They are composed of two layers of compact bone tissue enclosing between them a variable quantity of cancellous bone (called Diploe in the skull bones). Flat bones (Ossa plana) are thin and have broad surfaces. Ossa brevia can be found in the wrist and ankle (Carpus and Tarsus). Short bones (Ossa brevia) are cubical in shape. Typical long bones are the tubular bones of the limbs (Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Femur.). The ends consist of spongy bone surrounded by a thin layer of compact bone. The long cylindrical body (Corpus, Diaphysis) consists of compact bone and has a central medullar cavity. They are tubular in shape and have two ends. Long bones (Ossa longa) are longer than they are wide. Based on shape, bones (Ossa) can be classified as follows: This image presents the most common types of bones.
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